Trichomoniasis in Women: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment
What is Trichomoniasis?
Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by a parasite called Trichomonas vaginalis. This parasite can infect both men and women, but women are more likely to experience symptoms. In fact, trichomoniasis is one of the most common STIs in the world, with an estimated 3.7 million cases in the United States alone.
How is Trichomoniasis Spread?
Trichomoniasis is spread through sexual contact, including vaginal, anal, and oral sex. It can also be spread through sharing sex toys. The parasite can survive outside of the body for a short period of time, so it is possible to contract trichomoniasis from infected objects like towels or toilet seats, but this is rare.
What are the Symptoms of Trichomoniasis?
Many people with trichomoniasis do not experience any symptoms, but when symptoms do occur, they can include:
- Itching, burning, or soreness in the genital area
- Discomfort during sex or urination
- Abnormal vaginal discharge that may be yellow, green, or gray in color and have a foul odor
- Lower abdominal pain or cramping
How is Trichomoniasis Diagnosed?
If you are experiencing symptoms of trichomoniasis, you should see a healthcare provider. They will perform a physical exam and may take a sample of your vaginal fluid for testing. In some cases, trichomoniasis can be diagnosed through a urine test.
How is Trichomoniasis Treated?
Trichomoniasis is usually treated with antibiotics, which can be taken orally or applied as a cream or gel. It is important to take all of the medication as prescribed, even if your symptoms improve before the medication is finished. Your healthcare provider may also recommend that your sexual partner(s) be treated to prevent reinfection.
How Can Trichomoniasis be Prevented?
The best way to prevent trichomoniasis is to practice safe sex. This includes using condoms or dental dams during sex and avoiding sharing sex toys. It is also important to get regular STI testing if you are sexually active, especially if you have multiple partners.
The Bottom Line
Trichomoniasis is a common STI that can cause uncomfortable symptoms, but it is easily treatable with antibiotics. If you are experiencing symptoms of trichomoniasis, or if you have concerns about your sexual health, talk to your healthcare provider.
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